eichenlaub



Sept. 11, 1962 e. E. EICHENLAUB 3,053,455

COMFORT CONDITIONER Filed Dec. 21, 1956 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 I INVENTOR 7 622079 5. zigfi b J7. 4 BY (M (M E. EICHENLAUB com-"om CONDITIONER Sept; II, 1962 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Dec. 21, I956 INVENTOR aearge Eli'z'chehiaub MORNEY 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Dec. 21, 1956 United States Patented Sept. 11, 1962 3,053,455 C(IMFORT CONDITIONER George E. Eichenlaub, 218 Hess Ave, Erie, Pa. Filed Dec. 21, 1956, Ser. No. 629,932 9 Claims. (Cl. 237-51) My invention relates broadly to a comfort conditioner for the use of human beings and more particularly to a readily erectable construction of comfort conditioner which is capable of inexpensive assembly and efficient economical operation, with quick response on demand.

One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a comfort conditioner which will process or transform uncomfortable harsh heat to safe infra-red mild comfort and uncomfortable glaring light to lovely glowing soft comfort. The comfort conditioner will not produce frightening sudden noises but will result in quiet comfort. It will avoid dust, dirt, and ashes and will allay other discomforts, coupled with safety to life, health, and property, and beauty, with savings in time, effort, and money.

Another object of the invention is to provide a comfort conditioner which delivers improved warm or cool comfort by metabolic changes and new applications of known principles without moving parts and which is free from inherent dangers, troubles, and cleaning problems.

A further object of the invention is to provide a comfort conditioner which is clean, fast in action, and simple in construction at a fraction of the cost of a common open fireplace, yet which retains values thought to reside in an open fire, but with safety.

A still further object of the invention is to provide cooling comfort on days considered hot outdoors by means of gravity and/ or mechanical means in a comfort conditioner.

Yet a further object of the invention is to provide an expansion chamber of mortarless masonry construction from manufactured components in a comfort conditioner.

Still yet a further object of the invention is to provide a construction of masonry wall erectable without the use of mortar or cement by use of a slot and spline member which will position the units and also bond them together more tightly and secure than conventional mortar constructions of common usage.

With the above and other objects in view, the present invention consists of the combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims, it being understood that changes may be made in the form, size, proportions, and minor details of construction without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings:

FIG. 1a is a top plan view of the cap or closing top part of an expansion chamber in the structure of my invention;

FIG. 1b is an end view of the cap or closing top part of the expansion chamber shown in FIG. In;

FIG. 2 is an elevational view of my open front comfort conditioner, sometimes hereinafter referred to as a Metaglow;

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view through the structure of my invention on center line of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the foundation slab which may support the structure of my invention;

FIG. 5 is a section analogous to FIG. 3 showing a modified form of my invention;

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a modified form of cap used in another form of my invention, looking in the direction of arrow 6, in FIG. 8;

FIG. 7 is a horizontal section taken on line 7-7 of FIG. 8;

FIG. 8 is a vertical longitudinal section through the expansion chamber taken substantially on line 88 of FIG. 9;

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross sectional view on line 9-9 of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 101tl of FIG. 8; and FIG. 9.

FIG. 11 is an isometric view in elevation showing one form a completed installation of the structure of my invention;

FIG. 12 is an elevational view showing assembled unitblocks partially cut away to show splines and the manner of interconnecting the blocks;

FIG. 13 is a vertical cross section showing the splines which interconnect the blocks;

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal section through a cell of commercial concrete blocks showing the webs, dead-air space and centering-dowels or plugs arranged according to my invention;

FIG. 15 is a transverse vertical cross section of the same cell and corresponding parts shown in FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is a top plan view of the same cell looking down upon the same cell of FIGS. 14 and 1S FIG. 17 is an isometric view of one commercial block used in the assembly of FIGS. 14-16;

FIG. 18 is an enlarged front elevational view of a fragmentary part of the comfort conditioner of my invention illustrating, on an enlarged scale, the heat and light refleeting portion of the structure of my invention shown in FIGS. 3 and 11;

FIG. 19 is a vertical sectional view on line 1919 of FIG. 18;

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the liner used in the structure of my invention, particularly showing the adjustable top-tab thereon; and

FIG. 21 is a view of one of the removable independent tubular members forming the heat and light reflecting portion of the structure of my invention.

FIG. la is a p an view of the cap or closing toppart of the expansion chamber, While FIG. 1b is an end view thereof as employed in the structure of my invention. Reference character I designates sections of sheetmetal sheet flanged to set down over the shell or Wall 3 to close off its hollow interior. Reference character 2 designates a flanged vent hole to receive a stack which will convey entrained gases to the outside atmosphere.

FIG. 2 shows an elevational view of my open front comfort conditioner.

The comfort conditioner consists of a reflective hearth (FIG. 4) on which rest, if not suspended, the fronts ML and 10R (Left and Right) between which are mounted a liner 8. A lintel hood 4, if not suspended from overhead, rests on the fronts which in turn carry the wall or expansion chamber 3 by means of the lintel 4, over but not in contact with liner 8. The top of expansion chamber being hollow is closed off by a cap 1.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross sectional view through the structure of my invention on center-line of FIG. 2, in which 11 indicates a foundation and reflective hearth over which is a liner 8 and a top portion of which is bent back as a tab 9 which in association with lintel hood 4 forms a narrow slot or throat 12 which is inside the bottom manifold 18, a duct across expansion chamber 3 joining a system of vertical cells 24 formed by separating webs 14, pierced with thimbles 15 to join the cells variously to achieve a kind of honeycomb effect so gases may freely interchange from any cell to adjoining cells. Another duct or manifold 16, joining the vertical cells, occurs at the top of expansion chamber so all gases can freely by induction escape to the vent 2, from thence connected to a pipe ending in atmosphere outside the room.

Heating elements singly 13 or in multiple are arranged above the lip of the hood 4 but below top of liner 8. Elements 13 may be like that shown in Patent No. 1,246,511. The heating elements may be actuated by gas or electricity or other forms of energy considering nuclear physics for one, solar energy for another, and so on. Heat radiated from this source, directly as from a long bar or wire or in multiple arrangement, strikes also downward 17-a and is reflected 17-12 from suitable surfaces in certain conformations to produce certain results. Always heretofore the conformations have been concave to parabolic which concentrate or focalize to intensify heat to an area or point which in comfort practice is not desirable, wherefore my new reflector is conformed in a convex pattern akin to a fluted tubular surface which acts as a dispersal method giving more comfort to a living body all over rather than in a restricted area of height (hot below, cold above). The heat rays 17-a show how the convex flutes 5 scatter the rays 17-12, the hearth 11 as a direct reflector, redirects the heat and light, if any, up and out into the room. The spilled incident heat radiated from the heating element 13 and also reflected and dis persed from convex surfaces 5 and 6 serve to warm a floor exterior the hearth 11. Tubes 6 in fact are used for the same purpose and they are nested one against the next below by gravity, making them easy to remove and clean and replace resting again by gravity only upon the rack or frames 7 aflixed to the liner 8. The details of the assembly are shown more clearly in FIGS. 18-21. The lower terminating margin of the liner 8 is turned upwardly at 25 which serves as a support against which the lowermost reflector tube 6 rests and with respect to which the several tubes 6 are stacked and rise above the bottom tube ready to be removed, cleaned and replaced at any time. Therefore I may use glass tubes or bars, polished metal or other materials that are or may be developed for the purpose. By the use of clear glass I can vary the color effects by merely painting the inside of the liner 8 to make any colored light required. By varying the hearth 11 surface I provide a good reflector in differing form, a continuation of reflector 6 or 5, which also influences the artistic effects. The throat 12 is important because it must take away and up all of the residual heat and also harmful products of combustion trapped by the hood 4, carried full length across the opening of liner front 8; the throat-slot width should vary according to the character of heat energy used, so I provide such adjustment by means of the tab, which may be bent back or forward to either close or open the slotted throat 12, depending upon the conditions met with in the field.

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the foundation slab which supports the structure of my invention and which is made in one piece and serves as a reflector hearth. The breaks show only four of any number of possibilities. The broken lines show a superimposed liner 8 and the fronts 101. and R. Brick facing 11a, tiles 11d, a form of steel or aluminum checker plate 11b and structural glass 110 are indicated only as a few possibilities given the thickness for strength required as a foundation to suit conditions found if a concrete or stone or other slab be not used for the purpose of required strength, as further indicated by 11d in FIG. 2.

FIG. 5 is a section analogous to FIG. 3 in which is shown a modified form of my invention, the expansion chamber 3 being superimposed over an open flame 22 as for instance in a common hot plate 23. The burner or heat element in this case could be in series to any length or number and must then result in a vented heating device acceptable to building codes or regulatory bodies. The manner of mounting the expansion chamber 3 is not important except that its bottom must be in proximity to the heating element. The draft upward in expansion chamber 3 will suck up heat and waste gases of combustion. Any spilled gases will wipe across the faces of exterior of the expansion chamber and so contribute to heating the mass-weight, which then goes to work as metabolism to change other living bodies in terms of comfort. Should the space between bottom of expansion chamber 3 and a heat element 22 be closed off for any of many reasons, in practice, the functioning of the expansion chamber as a comfort producer is not impaired and may be improved.

FIG. 6 is a view of a modified form of cap in another form of my invention, looking in the direction of arrow 6 in FIG. 6, wherein a cap 101 is made in sectional form of stone, slate, concrete, etc., one section of which contains a holed vent 102 to receive a pipe or stack to outside atmosphere.

FIG. 7 is a horizontal section taken on line 77 of FIG. 8 looking down through expansion chamber in which 103 is the exterior shell; thimble or hole 115 out in webs 114 interconnecting the cells 124, which may be reduced in effective length as flues by insertion of baffles 125 or by insertion of plugs 126 for the purpose of causing gases to travel a longer or more tortuous path from the throat entrance 112 to the vent relief .102 of the expansion chamber (so increasing its efficiency as a comfort producer). Jointed construction 127 with small units may be employed. This expansion chamber may be extended to act as a wall of any length or height with vent 1152, FIG. 8 at a far distance to induce gases to travel some greater distance from the heat elements. This then accomplishes what is now being published as a radiant heat system, which of course was never claimed or yet mentioned by any one as possible from a fireplace, or stove or space heater which all become practical and feasible by employing my complete comfort conditioner or portions thereof combined with parts made or supplied by others.

FIG. 8 is a vertical longitudinal section through the expansion chamber shell taken substantially on line 88 of FIG. 9. The expansion chamber 103 includes the thimbles in the webs 114, interconnecting the cells 124, stopped off variously by baffles and FIG. 9, or plug inserts 126 and also showing a head joint vertical jointing 127. The expansion chamber may be extended to any length either side or height as a wall 110, honeycombed construction as desired. In the opening is shown the liner 103 with its top-side tab 109 extending full length or nearly so across the width of liner. The tab 109 can be bent forward or backward to adjust throat 112 giving a suitable entrance to manifold 118 from which all cell-flues rise. The lintel hood 104- is shown broken away to reveal said tab 169. Inside the liner 108 and full-length across same or nearly so is shown the bar heating element 113 which may be either -a conventional electric heated or gas heated element. Unvented commercial heaters of present commerce are shown as a radiant stove 122 and gas or oil heater 123. Across the top of expansion chamber is shown the manifold or duct 116 giving access from all cell-flues 124 to the vent 102.

FIG. 9 is a vertical cross sectional view on line 9-9 of FIG. 8, showing the liner 103 with its top-tab 109 adjustable by movement backward or forward in association with lintel hood 104 so fon'ning the throat 112. Be it noted that the tab 109 could in some circumstances be eliminated and a floating slab or series of soft bricks used in lieu of same, which will lie by gravity on the top of liner 108, said slab or units being moved forward or backward to form the desired width of throat 112 required. This method is not shown relying upon this description as sufficient. The throat 112 opens into the part 118 as a manifold or continuous duct connected to each and every vertical cell or flue 124 which terminates at the top in another manifold 116 in turn vented by 102 an aperture to be connected to the outside atmosphere thus dissipating any residual harmful products of combustion not before absorbed or adsorbed by the porosity andform of the expansion chamber construction. The absorption property as porosity, mitigates or dries out the potentially harmful water vapor, a byproduct of combustion especialiy from natural gases and like fuels, rendering such vapors harmless by preventing such condensed vapors from accumulation to form free water, which can combine with sulfur, another byproduct of combustion not otherwise held in a dry state as adsorbed interior the cellwalls, and so form a sulphurous acid which will and does destroy any materials of construction except glass, which is apparent from examining any old chimney and connected breeching. By evaporating the water vapor and so maintaining the expansion chamber dry throughout, sulphur, carbon and other harmful products of combustion are rendered safe indefinitely. No other engine has done this to date. Also be it noted that any backdraft or downdraft by way of the connecting flue or chimney of small area at most, compared to usual engineering practice, cannot possibly be transmitted in volume back to the throat 112 and thence back into the room carrying gases, dusts or acids to harmfully afliict occupants thereof. In other words, such backdrafts when they occur expand in the larger simple single or multiple cell expansion chamber and are rendered without force to inoccuous values by the time they reach the throat 112. Said expansion chamber may be changed in volume contained and in size of vent to suit the use of solid fuels, oil or other forms of heating energy when furnished in suitable combustion devices.

The throat 112 extending full across the liner 108 opening in front, associated with the hood 104 must trap all heat radiated upward together with rising products of combustion as water, sulphur, carbon and so forth as vapor or waste gases, which have outlet only upward by draft or suction, where they immediately expand to full .comb effect with long and tortuous gas travel, slowing up and allowing practically all parts of the entrained gases or vapors to wipe across the multiple surfaces and there by adsorption deposit themselves, to in turn be absorbed by the porosity of the fabrication and so rendered dry and harmless and so held in a dry harmless state by the heat and evaporation of water vapors through and off from the faces of the shell 103 where the watervapor passes off by induction through the shell and roomair convection to join the dry atmosphere of the room and in that manner adding humidity and health to the room-air which is required especially on very cold days outside, which all in its separate parts is a matter of common knowledge, not before solved or proposed for shown and others may be used depending on methods for production and the materials used for construction in which are shown softer stones or concrete of known good porosity, but soft bricks or clay products can be used as well as porous cast iron and a host of other materials 1 known and new synthetics that may be produced.

Considering the liner 108 shown in sheet metal and the relationship of the heating element 113 singly or in multiple, is shown also unvented heaters as a radiant stove 122 and an oil heater 123 which represent a class in common universally harmful unvented use despite restrictive health laws and codes. The products of combustion rising from such unconnected units, if set inside the liner-box must again be trapped and carried oif rendering such installation safe. Said liner 108 may be constructed of cast iron, baked clay products, bricks, tiles or other thick materials of such strength and a con tained hood 104 with a throat 112 as a contained slot or series of holes that it could act and so supplant the lintel hood 104 shown. The said liner 108 could use solid fuels if desired and retain the virtues of my expansion chamber 103 with modifications in capacity of throat 112 and vent 102.

FIG. 10 is a horizontal sectional plan view, taken on line 10-10 of FIGS. 8 and 9, of the lintel hood 104 fabricated around a void to fill a joint four sides all around to keep a level structure going up, flanged down in front to form a hood to trap gases with flange at back looking up to pass the liner 100 top, which can be moved forward or backward to best set the width of throat 112. The lintel may be formed as well from a single plate with its center out out to form in association with tab 109 the throat 112 at the same time not fouling tab 109 a part of the top of liner 108. The expansion chamber is outlined 103. While steel or brass is indicated, the construction can be any material of suitable strength including stone, concrete or arched brick and so forth.

FIG. 11 is an isometric view in elevation of my complete open front comfort conditioner to show the limitless construction possibilities of my invention. Here is shown what may be termed a traditional English fireplace motif 335, to be built of marketable materials in modular 4" dimensions as a 2" thick aluminum reflective hearth with checkered face and bull-nosed edges ground and polished, supporting the fronts right and left of rough stones laid up with hobs projecting into the opening with a subhearth of bricks laid arc-shape as shown at 336. The multiple glass tubes reflector in the opening is arranged to an elliptical curved vertical pitched shape with a glowing flame color from the polished copper liner containing the tubes, and the sides of liner where exposed are plate glass mirrors 337 which apparently continue the tube reflector in behind the fronts. The heating element in this case is a series of non-aerated gas jet spaced three to two inches in length of bar-burner which Weave and play to the slightest movement of air bringing the reflector alive in a thousand glints of flame color which are reflected out to pervade and bathe the whole room in flame beauty especially when no other lighting is in the room, giving off a lumen value equivalent to a four-foot fluorescent common electric fixture to read by.

The expansion chamber appears as a form of chimneybreast done in mortarless white marble-aggregate concrete blocks, partly plastered in gypsum colored, with hand-made 1 xi and 1" x 2 faience tiles hand set to design. Capped by a black structural glass fillet to occupy the space between top of expansion chamber and the room-ceiling. The said glass being acid etched with a wreath motif filled with gold-leaf.

The lip of the hood is refined by grinding to narrowing face toward the lintel-returns, and is anodyzed in an old copper finish.

FIG. 12 is an elevational view showing the assembled blocks partially cut away, the blocks being indicated at 200 and the cut away portions showing splines 202 for interconnecting the blocks, the splines 202 resting in slots 201 cast or cut into the shell 203 to receive the splines 202. Said splines may be made of plastic, sheet metal or other suitable materials. The units 200 are made of somewhat porous materials such as sand stone, low strength concrete, under-burnt clay products, heavily sanded gypsum plaster and the like which will readily absorb water. Baffies 225 may be inserted in the joints to stop oi the cells. The blocks form the heat dissipating area for the comfort conditioner with the gaseous products conducted therethrough.

FIG. 13 is a vertical cross section view showing the splines which interconnect the blocks, the splines being indicated at 202 set in the slots 201 of the shell 2%. The slots 203 may be single in the bed and head of each unit, but the doubled slot permits two splines 202 to insure extra sure gas-tightness and also permits an offset 2% in the block-setting for design-effects. The virtue of this method resides in a precision block set without use of mor-tar to bed the units, with the splines centering the units true to adjoining units forming a true and stable wall in which a hard blow cannot dislodge a unit from its position.

Metal or other type flat sheet baffles 225 may be introduced into the joints if desired and they could be formed with turned-up flanges 207 entering the slots 201 so closing off continuous vertical cells and stopping flueaction, thereby creating a series of dead-air spaces 208 of high thermal insulation value for exterior walls. Deadair spaces mentioned above as thermal insulation cannot soak up and hold moisture to nullify the insulation; vapor barrier and other desperate commercial cures by others to make thermal insulation good, are not necessary or even desired. The dead-air spaces I provide approach the perfect solution to the thermal insulation problem.

FIG. 14 is a longitudinal section through a cell 324 of a standard commercial concrete block 3&3 showing the webs 31.4 and shell 303, dead-air spaces 3% and cast plugs 326, 327 and 328.

FIG. 15 is a cross section of the same cell and numbering with web-holes or thimbles 315, where used, of any shape.

FIG. 16 is a plan view looking down on the same cell 324 formed by the webs 314 and the face or shell 303, and cast plugs or dowel centers 327.

FIG. 17 is an isometric view with numbered parts alike, conforming to FIGS.14, 15 and 16. Since commercial blocks are never made precision true, because no mold can be exactly filled without excess of concrete, the exposed bed on top, opposite the pallet-bed on the bottom as cast, is always left with fins, tits and roughness for which reason the units must be laid up in mortar to make a true to line wall Where no lubricating coating is available or used the stripping is not easily accomplished in which case I employ a saw or chisel cut, FIG. 16, 329 and FIG. 17, 32 9, and then split oh? the master block which can be fitted back and used again or scrapped as a waste-mold.

Having secured good plugs they may be used as a pattern from which hollow metal centering dowels for permanent use may be made by die and stamp, or other means. In my comfort conditioner where web thimbles 315, FIG. 15, are used, the thimble holes can be baflled off as desired by employment of suitable depth plugs 326, 327 and 328 as needed, also see 126, FIGS. 7-89, which also form dead-air spaces as shown in FIGS. 14, 15, at 308.

The structure shown in FIG. 11 for instance may be built by splining together the solid stones of the right and left fronts. A thin A" thick marble veneer may be applied over the expansion chamber, splining the edges thereof to join them together. Even A thick glass may be so joined. The expansion chamber itself may be built of 3" thick solid stones with such splining. Common bricks may be so joined; in fact any type of structural unit, even other than a solid masonry or hollow masonry construction.

While I have described my invention in certain of its preferred embodiments I realize that modifications may be made and 'I desire that it be understood that no limitations upon my invention are intended except as may be imposed by the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is as follows:

1. A comfort conditioner comprising a heat source, a heat and light reflecting portion, a heat dissipative portion, said heat dissipative portion being arranged over said heat and light reflect-ing portion, said heat source being supported on said conditioner in spaced relation to said heat and light reflecting portion, said heat source directing heat and light into said heat and light reflect ing portion for reflection thereby in a substantially horizontal direction beneath and beyond said heat dissipative portion, and means interconnecting said portions for regulating the quantity of heat rising substantially vertically from said heat and light reflecting portion to said heat dissipative portion, said heat and light reflecting portion comprising a multiplicity of independent members, each having an outwardly directed semi-cylindrical surface, extending on horizontal, substantially parallel axes one above the other, said heat dissipative portion comprising a plurality of superimposed tiers of heat conducting blocks having a transverse width substantially less than the transverse width of said heat and light reflecting portion, each of said blocks having vertically extending ports therein formed by web like partitions in said blocks, said web like partitions in said blocks :being foreshortened to provide lateral passages transversely of said blocks for heat convection currents discharged to said heat dissipative portion from said heat and light reflecting portion.

2. A comfort conditioner as set forth in claim 1, in which said independent members are tubular and are arranged in a forwardly and downwardly extending inclined path and wherein said heat source is attached to said conditioner above said tubular members, said heat element directing radiant heat to said tubular members.

3. A comfort conditioner as set forth in claim 1, in which said heat source is located on said conditioner intermediate said heat dissipative portion and said heat and light reflecting portion.

4. A comfort conditioner as set forth in claim 1, in which said independent members of said heat and light reflecting portion comprise a plurality of horizontally extending heat and light tubular reflective members arranged in surface-to-surface contact one with another, and disposed in an inclined path directed forwardly and beneath said heat dissipative portion and wherein said heat source is an elongated tubular type member located above said plurality of horizontally extending tubular members for imparting heat radiation thereto.

5. A comfort conditioner as set forth in claim 1, in which said source is constituted by a hot plate located within said heat reflecting portion and beneath said heat dissipative portion for radiating heat into Said heat and light reflecting portion.

6. A comfort conditioner as set forth in claim 1, in which a horizontally extending lintel is provided for supporting said heat dissipative portion over said heat and light reflecting portion and wherein said lintel is longitudinally slotted for directing heat from said heat and light reflecting portion into said heat dissipative portion.

7. A comfort conditioner comprising a supporting hearth, a heat and light reflecting portion over said hearth, a pair of spaced supporting means arranged on said hearth, a box-like metallic liner located within the space between said supporting means and terminating in an upwardly directed longitudinally extending bendable member, a horizontally disposed longitudinally extending hood having its opposite ends mounted on said supporting means and extending over said box-like metallic liner therebetween, said hood having a longitudinally extending slot therein, a vent, said upwardly directed longitudinally extending bendable member on said liner projecting through the slot in said hood for directing the upward flow of products of combustion from within said liner through said hood and a heat dissipative portion compris ing an assembly of masonry blocks having combustionconveying passages extending vertically therethrough supported by said hood with the passages in said blocks aligned with the longitudinal slot in said hood, said vertically extending passages each connecting said slot and said vent, the bendable member on said liner being adjustable to control the effective area for the passage of products of combustion from said heat and light reflecting portion into said heat dissipative portion, and lateral passages connecting said vertically extending passages.

8. A comfort conditioner as set forth in claim 7, in which said hood includes an upwardly extending longitudinally disposed portion projecting behind said heat dissipative pontion and a downwardly extending longitudinally disposed front portion projecting across the upper portion of said supporting means and across the front of said box-like liner and depending below the top thereof.

9. A com-fort conditioner as set forth in claim 7, in-

eluding means for maintaining said box-like liner free of thermal contact with said hood.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 130,313 Ponsard Aug. 6, 1872 3122,302 Lester July 14, 1885 480,903 Burrel-l Aug. 16, 1892 1,246,511 Weisberg Nov. 13, 1917 1,314,968 Maritzen Sept. 2, 1919 1,561,375 Taylor Nov. 10, 1925 1,586,597 Berry June 1, 1926 1,998,427 Brown Apr. 16, 1935 2,172,356 Brainard Sept. 12, 1939 2,277,381 Black Mar. 24, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS 586,419 Great Britain Mar. 18, 1947 618,612 Great Britain Feb. 24, 1949 

